Age and Gender Related Variability in the Strength of Auricular Cartilage in Living Humans

Despite previous studies on auricle morphology, research on its biomechanical properties remains limited. This study aims to assess age- and gender-related variations in auricle strength in living humans.

A prospective, clinical study was conducted to assess auricle stiffness at three antihelix points (superior, middle, and inferior) using a digital Newton meter. Measurements were conducted in two modes to assess the force needed to move the auricle medially by 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm, and the peak force required to displace the auricle medially to a distance of 1 mm from the mastoid skin. Morphological measurements were also recorded to assess the auricle dimensions and projections at various levels of the auricle. Data were analyzed to examine age-related and gender-related distributions, as well as to investigate correlations between morphological parameters and resistance measurements.

The study included 226 ears from 52 women and 61 men, aged 2–85 years. Age significantly influenced most anthropometric measurements, with males generally exhibiting larger ears. Resistance values increased with age, particularly in age groups over 35 and 50. Gender did not significantly affect resistance values. Positive correlations were found between auricle dimensions and resistance values, indicating increased resistance with increased auricle projection.

This study provides a comprehensive mechanical resistance map of the auricle, demonstrating age-related changes in stiffness and regional variations in mechanical properties. These findings are valuable for refining surgical techniques, tissue engineering, and potentially for forensic applications. Further research on diverse populations and standardization of measurement protocols are recommended.