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Test configurations

Mechanical Stimulation (Compressive)

The compressive stimulation of mechanically-responsive cell construct has been demonstrated to have important effects on the cell's activity, in particular, over the production of extracellular matrix components. This mechanical stimulation is normally performed during cell culture. Biomomentum's mechanical tester can be installed in a standard incubator in dry mode condition. Closed testing chambers have been designed for this particular application. Humidity and gas level are controlled directly inside the chamber made of material compatible with cell culture.

Recommended tester (1)

Accessories (8)

Case studies (1)

Related literature

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Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 533, 2026, 174600, ISSN 1385-8947, Published: 1 April 2026

4 citations · 4 in 2025–2026

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Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, Volume 13, 2026, 101101, ISSN 2666-8939, Published: March 2026

0 citations · 0 in 2025–2026

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January 2, 2026 · Journal Articles

Integrin inhibition facilitates fibrocartilaginous transformation in connective tissue in osteoarthritis

Ruiye Bi; Xianni Yang; Haohan Li; Yanjing Zhan; Qing Yin; Han Fang; Ziqian Wang; Binbin Ying; Haopeng Yu; Songsong Zhu

Science Advances, Vol 12, Issue 1, Published: 2 Jan 2026

4 citations · 4 in 2025–2026

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May 2025 · Journal Articles

An in silico approach to the mechanical design of meta-materials for adipose tissue engineering

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Research article, Volume 11, Issue 10e43430, Published: May 2025

2 citations · 2 in 2025–2026

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April 3, 2025 · Journal Articles

Electromagnetic interference shielding in soft, lightweight, and flexible conducting polymer-based sponges

Biporjoy Sarkar; Floriane Miquet-Westphal; Jiaxin Fan; Gayaneh Petrossian; Fabio Cicoira

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2 citations · 2 in 2025–2026

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March 2025 · Thesis

Trabecular Bone Adaptation: An Experimental and Computational Investigation

Mahsa Zojaji

Queen’s University, PhD, March 2025 (cover); repository deposit 24 March 2025 not asserted as defence date. Original complete English abstract from repository, checked against thesis. Original bovine methods: Chapter 3 PDF pp.51–52 and Chapter 5 pp.107–110. Bovine detail is tied to these verified experiments; the abstract also describes human computational models, not used here to infer human Mach-1 testing. Bioreactor does not alone prove a confined compression configuration. Chapters and related papers are not additional independent experiments.

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February 17, 2025 · Journal Articles

Development of Reliable and High - Throughput Human Biomimetic Cartilage and Bone Models to Explore Senescence and Personalized Osteoarthritis Treatment Options

Ilja Boone; Evelyn Houtman; Margo Tuerlings; Jim J. van den Berg; Johannes Lehmann; Peter L. J. de Keizer; Rob G. H. H. Nelissen; Ingrid Meulenbelt

J Orthop Res. 2025, PMID: 39960283; PMCID: PMC11982592, Published: 17Feb2025

8 citations · 8 in 2025–2026

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Design and characterization of an optical phantom for mesoscopic multimodal fluorescence lifetime imaging and optical coherence elastography

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3 citations · 2 in 2025–2026

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February 8, 2025 · Journal Articles

Mesenchymal stem cells from perinatal tissues promote diabetic wound healing via PI3K/AKT activation

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Stem Cell Res Ther 16, 59 (2025), Published: 08 February 2025

39 citations · 39 in 2025–2026

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2024 · Draft Version (Not Published Yet)

Dithiolane-ene Photopolymerization of Covalent and Supramolecular Networks Permits Cyclic Compressive Loading in 3D Cell Culture

Ying Chen; Ciqing Tong; Merel L. Janssen; Isabel Sariol; Joeri A. J. Wondergem; Marijn van den Brink; Rob G. H. H. Nelissen; Doris Heinrich; Yolande F. M. Ramos; Roxanne E. Kieltyka

Research manuscript reproduced as Chapter 3, pp.65–111, in Ying Chen, Squaramide-based interpenetrated networks for load-bearing applications. Doctoral thesis, Leiden University,2024. This is the 2024 thesis manuscript, not the separately titled 2026 journal article; no manuscript DOI established.

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2024 · Journal Articles

Mechanical stress and inflammation have opposite effects on Wnt signaling in human chondrocytes

Ritchie G. M. Timmermans; Arjen B. Blom; Rob G. H. H. Nelissen; Demiën Broekhuis; Peter M. van der Kraan; Ingrid Meulenbelt; Martijn H. J. van den Bosch; Yolande F. M. Ramos

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. 2024;42(2):286-295.

4 citations · 2 in 2025–2026

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2024 · Journal Articles

Photon-counting in dual-contrast-enhanced computed tomography: a proof-of-concept quantitative biomechanical assessment of articular cartilage

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Scientific Reports volume 14, Article number: 29956 (2024) Published: 02 December 2024

2 citations · 2 in 2025–2026

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2023 · Meeting abstracts & presentations

Mechanical Loading of Ex Vivo Bovine Trabecular Bone in 3D-Printed Bioreactors

Alejandra V. Correa; Mahsa Zojaji; Andrew Parkhill; Brian A. Kunath; Juan F. Vivanco; Roshni Rainbow; Heidi-Lynn Ploeg

28th Congress of the European Society of Biomechanics, 9–12 July 2023, Maastricht. Original structured meeting abstract: English.

5 citations · 4 in 2025–2026

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September 2022 · Thesis

Ex Vivo Mechanical Testing and FEA Modelling of Bovine Trabecular Bone

Kail Beloglowka

Queen’s University, MASc, September 2022 (cover). Original complete English abstract from official repository, checked against PDF p.2; stray export character after Eapp removed, no words rewritten. Methods 3.3.3 and 4.3, PDF pp.36–38 and 47, confirm direct Mach-1 quasi-static compression and cyclic stimulation of bovine trabecular bone. Lateral confinement not assumed from the bioreactor. Shared co-authorship and bone-culture data with Kunath are documented in thesis co-authorship statement; the theses are distinct documents, not independent replicate experiments.

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June 2022 · Thesis

Design and Validation of an Open-Source 3D Printable Bioreactor System for Ex Vivo Bone Culture

Brian A. Kunath

Queen’s University, MASc, June 2022 (cover). Original complete English abstract from repository, checked against thesis. Methods 3.4.3.4 and 5.3.4, PDF pp.48–49 and 73–74, confirm direct Mach-1 compression and stimulation, not fixture-only use. Lateral confinement is not inferred merely from a chamber. Appendix C calibration is recorded separately; MED610 biocompatibility and published related article are not additional Mach-1 material experiments.

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January 29, 2022 · Journal Articles

Lithium chloride-induced primary cilia recovery enhances biosynthetic response of chondrocytes to mechanical stimulation

Arianna Soave; Loraine L. Y. Chiu; Aisha Momin; Stephen D. Waldman

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology. 2022;21(2):605-614. DOI:10.1007/s10237-021-01551-4. First online 2022-01-29. Methods provenance:Soave2021thesis;quantitative same-study correspondence verified. Not an explicit reprint;final journal methods not independently read.

9 citations · 4 in 2025–2026

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August 2021 · Journal Articles

Characterization of dynamic changes in Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) gene expression as function of genetic risk alleles, osteoarthritis relevant stimuli, and the vitamin K inhibitor warfarin

E. Houtman; R. Coutinho de Almeida; M. Tuerlings; H.E.D. Suchiman; D. Broekhuis; R.G.H.H. Nelissen; Y.F.M. Ramos; J.B.J. van Meurs; I. Meulenbelt

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 2021;29(8):1193–1202.

17 citations · 3 in 2025–2026

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2021 · Journal Articles

Human Osteochondral Explants: Reliable Biomimetic Models to Investigate Disease Mechanisms and Develop Personalized Treatments for Osteoarthritis

Evelyn Houtman; Marcella van Hoolwerff; Nico Lakenberg; Eka H. D. Suchiman; Enrike van der Linden-van der Zwaag; Rob G. H. H. Nelissen; Yolande F. M. Ramos; Ingrid Meulenbelt

Rheumatol Ther (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40744-021-00287-y

25 citations · 11 in 2025–2026

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2020 · Journal Articles

High Throughput Screening of Cell Mechanical Response Using a Stretchable 3D Cellular Microarray Platform

Kabilan Sakthivel; Hitendra Kumar; Mohamed G. A. Mohamed; Bahram Talebjedi; Justin Shim; Homayoun Najjaran; Mina Hoorfar; Keekyoung Kim

Small 2020, 2000941. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202000941

27 citations · 7 in 2025–2026

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2020 · Reports

Mechanical and Glucose Stimulation of Bovine Chondrocytes Affect ECM Synthesis

Christian Lecce

Ryerson University. MEng major research project, 2020. Repository/Scholar date 2023 differs from cover year and repository Year field. The introductory protocol differs from Methods; the equipment note follows the explicit Methods section. Original abstract: English.

0 citations · 0 in 2025–2026

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July 24, 2018 · Journal Articles

Promoting intracellular delivery of sub-25 nm nanoparticles via defined levels of compression

Hongrong Yang; Yifei Yao; Huize Li; Lok Wai Cola Ho; Bohan Yin; Wing-Yin Yung; Ken Cham-Fai Leung; Arthur Fuk-Tat Mak; Chung Hang Jonathan Choi

Nanoscale.2018;10(31):15090–15102. Firstonline24July2018;issue21August2018. DOI10.1039/c8nr04927k.

16 citations · 3 in 2025–2026

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2016 · Meeting abstracts & presentations

Cellularized collagen gels for tissue engineered vascular wall: in vitro models alternative to in vivo testing

Loy Caroline; Meghezi S�bastien; Seifu Dawit; Pezzoli Daniele; Bono Nina; Levesque Lucie; Drouin Bernard; Mantovani Diego

Poster #P.0616 on Thursday May 19 from 15:00 to 16:30 in room 220BCD (P3) during World Biomaterials Congress, Montreal, May 2016.

0 citations · 0 in 2025–2026

View publicationDOI ↗
2015 · Meeting abstracts & presentations

Dynamic Axial Loading Disrupts Lateral Integration of Arthritic Human Articular Cartilage and Synthetic Tissue Engineered Scaffolds in an Ex Vivo Ring Model

Mintz BR; Papaliodis D; Jordan S; Leonard G; Mulligan M; Cooper JA

Orthopeadic Research Society Annual Meeting in Las Vegas, 2015, Abstract 0390

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January 7, 2010 · Journal Articles

Improved bioengineered cartilage tissue formation following cyclic compression is dependent on upregulation of MT1‐MMP

J. N. Amrith De Croos; Peter J. Roughley; Rita A. Kandel

Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2010;28(7):921-927. DOI:10.1002/jor.21064. First online 2010-01-07. Methods provenance:earlier ORS2009poster1051;distinctive MT1MMPsiRNA/MMP13 result correspondence. Not official reprint;final journal methods not independently read.

7 citations · 1 in 2025–2026

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April 12, 2007 · Journal Articles

Multi-axial mechanical stimulation of tissue engineered cartilage: Review

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; SD Waldman; DC Couto; MD Grynpas; RM Pilliar; RA Kandel

European Cells and Materials. 2007.

84 citations · 4 in 2025–2026

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FAQ

How does the "Sinusoid" model works?

This feature is used to obtain the Frequency, Amplitude and Offset of a sinusoidal signal. A blue line displays the theoretical sinusoid with the Frequency, Amplitude and Offset obtained (Figure 1). The values of the Frequency, Amplitude and Offset are indicated in the "Results" field. The units vary according to the graph’s axes.

This feature can also be used for sinusoidal stimulus-response analysis. Sinusoidal stimulus shall be selected on the x-axis and the sinusoidal response on the y-axis. The Modulus is the ratio of the response Amplitude over the stimulus Amplitude. The Phase is the phase difference between the response and the stimulus. The Modulus’ is computed as the Modulus*Cos(Phase) and the Modulus” is computed as the Modulus*Sin(Phase). A blue line displays the theoretical sinusoidal stimulus-response with the Frequency, Modulus and Phase obtained (Figure 2). The values of the Modulus and Phase are indicated in the “Results” field. The units vary according to the graph’s axes.

One use for this feature would be to compute material properties by multiplying the Modulus obtained by the appropriate geometric factors. For example, the Young’s Modulus can be obtained during uniaxial compression or tension on cylindrical sample with t/pi*r2 as the geometric factor, t is the thickness and r is the radius of the sample.

Mach-1 Analysis – Sinusoid – Example for stimulus-response analysis

Mach-1 Analysis – Sinusoid – Example for signals analysis

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