Test configuration
Bone (Repair)
Bone has the ability to repair itself after a fracture.
About this material
Bone has the ability to repair itself after a fracture. The healing process starts with the formation of a hematoma, then a fibrocartilage callus, bony callus and finally bone remodelling. Mechanical testing can occur at each stage to provide insights into the healing process, drug development or treatment effects.
Test configurations (11)
Test configuration
Unconfined Compression
Test configuration
Indentation (Stiffness)
Test configuration
Friction
Test configuration
Bending
Test configuration
Indentation (Hardness)
Test configuration
Temperature Control
Test configuration
External Analog Sensors
Test configuration
Camera Feed
Test configuration
Positioning (Manual)
Test configuration
Positioning (X Auto)
Video Library
Watch: Lab Module — Torsion of boneLab Modules · 9 chapters · 24:50
Lab Module — Torsion of bone
Follow specimen mounting, torsion tests and analysis of wood and bone.
Related resources (7)
FAQ
What is Young's modulus E?
Intrinsic mechanical property of a material independent of its geometry. From the slope of the stress vs. strain graph during an unconfined compression and considering the geometry of the sample, we can calculate the Young's modulus.
What is the tester compliance?
The mechanical compliance is the inverse of the stiffness, it due to the deformation that occurs in the load cell, tester frame and mechanical setup during a mechanical test. When testing hard samples, this deformation may not be negligible; therefore, measurement of the setup compliance can be crucial in obtaining accurate mechanical properties. The tester compliance (or stiffness) depends on the tester configuration (e.g. height of the vertical stage on the frame, type of load cell, etc.) and the accessories installed. An easy way to measure the compliance of the tester is to replace the sample by a dummy sample much stiffer than the sample of interest (e.g. a piece of steel) or to remove the sample (for compression test) and then to apply a displacement. For example, if a flat indenter is contacted at the bottom of the testing chamber and a displacement is applied, the stage will be unable to move if the stiffness of the tester was infinite (zero compliance). In real situation, this would never be the case; the stage will be able to move but the load will increase rapidly. The entire mechanical setup can be modeled as two springs connected in series: one spring representing the tester stiffness and a second spring representing the sample stiffness. By looking at the load-displacement curve, the stiffness of the tester (or compliance) can be calculated.
What is the elastic modulus in bending?
The elastic modulus in bending Ef : It is an intrinsic mechanical property of a material expressing the tendency of this material to bend. From the slope of the stress vs. strain graph during a flexural test and considering the geometry of the sample and the testing configuration (3-point bending), we can calculate the elastic modulus in bending. Although theoretically equivalent to the Young's modulus, these values may be different in experimental testing.
What is the maximum flexural strength?
The maximum flexural strength (σf ) is a material property defined as the stress in a material just before it yields (or plastic deformation) in a flexion (bending) test. The maximum flexural strength is independent of the samples shape and testing configuration (3-point bending). It represents the highest stress experienced within the material at the moment of yield.
What is the section modulus?
The section modulus Z is calculated as the ratio between the area moment of inertia and the distance from the centroid to the top or bottom edge of the sample (d/2).