Test configuration
Bone (Vertebral)
A vertebrae is an irregular bone of the spinal column.
About this material
A vertebrae is an irregular bone of the spinal column. It has an outer shell called the cortical bone that is hard and strong with the inside made of soft and spongy cancellous bone. The vertebral body is the main load bearing part of the vertebrae. Vertebra are mostly subjected to osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.
Mechanical testing applications
Mechanical testing of the vertebrae can provide material properties to input into finite element models of the spine. This can aid in the development and proper attachment of spinal prostheses for the correction of spinal misalignment.
Test configurations (9)
Test configuration
Unconfined Compression
Test configuration
Indentation (Stiffness)
Test configuration
Torsion
Test configuration
Shear
Test configuration
Indentation (Hardness)
Test configuration
Temperature Control
Test configuration
External Analog Sensors
Test configuration
Camera Feed
Related resources (4)
FAQ
What is the tester compliance?
The mechanical compliance is the inverse of the stiffness, it due to the deformation that occurs in the load cell, tester frame and mechanical setup during a mechanical test. When testing hard samples, this deformation may not be negligible; therefore, measurement of the setup compliance can be crucial in obtaining accurate mechanical properties. The tester compliance (or stiffness) depends on the tester configuration (e.g. height of the vertical stage on the frame, type of load cell, etc.) and the accessories installed. An easy way to measure the compliance of the tester is to replace the sample by a dummy sample much stiffer than the sample of interest (e.g. a piece of steel) or to remove the sample (for compression test) and then to apply a displacement. For example, if a flat indenter is contacted at the bottom of the testing chamber and a displacement is applied, the stage will be unable to move if the stiffness of the tester was infinite (zero compliance). In real situation, this would never be the case; the stage will be able to move but the load will increase rapidly. The entire mechanical setup can be modeled as two springs connected in series: one spring representing the tester stiffness and a second spring representing the sample stiffness. By looking at the load-displacement curve, the stiffness of the tester (or compliance) can be calculated.
What is the elastic modulus in bending?
The elastic modulus in bending Ef : It is an intrinsic mechanical property of a material expressing the tendency of this material to bend. From the slope of the stress vs. strain graph during a flexural test and considering the geometry of the sample and the testing configuration (3-point bending), we can calculate the elastic modulus in bending. Although theoretically equivalent to the Young's modulus, these values may be different in experimental testing.